Base Station Energy Efficiency: Key Strategies for Sustainable
While base station infrastructure is essential for delivering seamless connectivity, it also accounts for a significant portion of the energy consumption in modern
Furthermore, the base stations dominate the energy consumption of the radio access network. Therefore, it is reasonable to focus on the power consumption of the base stations first, while other aspects such as virtualization of compute in the 5G core or the energy consumption of user equipment should be considered at a later stage.
As the main components are common to most of the models, they can be easily combined to form a new model. Most of the base station power models are based on measurements of LTE (4G) hardware or theoretical assumptions. For the more recent models, based on measurements of 5G hardware, the parameter values are not publicly available.
GreenTouch. (2013). GreenTouch green meter research study: Reducing the net energy consumption in communications networks by up to 90% by (2020). A GreenTouch White Paper, no. Version, 1.
The base station models vary in their approaches and potential use cases. Hereafter, the models are grouped according to these aspects. Main component models only model the power consumption of the main base station components (power amplifier, analog frontend, baseband unit, active cooling, power supply) separately.
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