Lithium ion Battery Cooling System: Air Cooling vs. Liquid Cooling
This article will explore the characteristics and applications of these two cooling technologies in depth.
Air cooling of lithium-ion batteries is achieved by two main methods: Natural Convection Cooling: This method utilises natural air flow for heat dissipation purposes. It is a passive system where ambient air circulates around the battery pack, absorbing and carrying away the heat generated by the battery.
At present, the common lithium ion battery pack heat dissipation methods are: air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling and hybrid cooling. Here we will take a detailed look at these types of heat dissipation. 1. Air cooling
Liquid-Cooled Battery Systems Liquid-cooled systems circulate a coolant, usually a water-glycol mixture or dielectric fluid, through tubes, cold plates, or jackets attached to the cells. This provides a much higher heat-transfer rate than the air counterpart.
By contrast, almost every modern BEV, such as Audi, Jaguar, BMW i and Kia/Hyundai, uses indirect liquid-cooling loops around the cells. While liquid cooling enables rapid charging, tight packaging, and high power output, also reducing degradation in hot conditions, air-cooled EV batteries are simpler and cheaper but sacrifice performance.
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